Seefahrt/Literatur

Westliche Literatur

Allgemeine Werke

• Abe, Ryūichi 1995

  „Saichō and Kūkai: A conflict of interpretations.“ Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 22(1/2) (1995), S. 103–137. (Exzerpt.)

• Abeli, Joanna 2011

  Causes of piracy in medieval Japan. Michigan: Eastern Michigan University 2011. (Senior Honors Thesis Exzerpt.)

• Akima, Toshio 1993

  „The myth of the goddess of the undersea world and the tale of Empress Jingū’s subjugation of Silla.“ Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 20/2-3 (1993), S. 95-185.

• Anderson, Richard W. 2002

  „Jingū Kōgō Ema in Southwestern Japan: Reflections and anticipations of the seikanron debate in the late Tokugawa and early Meiji Period.“ Asian Ethnology 61(2) (2002), S. 247-270.


Antony, Robert J. (Hg.)
 (2010). Elusive pirates, pervasive smugglers: Violence and clandestine trade in the Greater China Seas, Vol.1. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.

• Arano, Yasunori 2005

  „The formation of a japanocentric world order.“ International Journal of Asian Studies 2/2 (2005), S. 185-216. (Exzerpt.)

de Bary, William Theodore u.a. (Hg.) (2001). Sources of Japanese tradition: From earliest times to 1600. Volume 1. New York: Columbia University Press.

• Bender, Ross 1978

  „Metamorphosis of a deity: The image of Hachiman in Yumi yawata.“ Monumenta Nipponica 33/2 (1978), S. 165-178. (Exzerpt.)
• Bender, Ross 1979

  „The Hachiman cult and the Dōkyō incident.“ Monumenta Nipponica 34/2 (1979), S. 125-153. (Exzerpt.)
• Bender, Ross 1980

  The political meaning of the Hachiman cult in ancient and early medieval Japan. New York: Columbia University 1980. (Unveröffentlichte Dissertation, Exzerpt.)
• Boxer, Charles R. 1967

  The Christian century in Japan: 1549-1650. Berkeley, Californien [u.a.]: University of California Press 1967.
• Casal, Ugo Alfonso 1962

  Hachiman, der Kriegsgott Japans. (Mitteilungen der deutschen Gesellschaft für Natur und Völkerkunde Ostasiens Band XLI, Teil D.) Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz 1962. (Exzerpt.)
• Carlqvist, Anders 2010

  „The land-pulling myth and some aspects of historic reality.“ Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 37 (2) (2010), S. 185-222.
• Clulow, Adam 2012

  „The pirate and the warlord.“ Journal of Early Modern History 16/6 (2012), S. 523-542. (Exzerpt.)


Chudy, Robert John 
(1973). Pirates and local politics: A study of the relationship between the wako and Ouchi in the 14th Century.

• Cobbing, Andreas 2009

  Kyūshū, gateway to Japan: A concise history. Folkestone: Global Oriental 2009.
• Cooper, Michael 1972

  „The mechanics of the Macao-Nagasaki silk trade.“ Monumenta Nipponica 27/4 (1972), S. 423-433.
• Fogel, Joshua A. 2007

  Crossing the Yellow Sea : Sino-Japanese cultural contacts ; 1600 - 1950. Norwalk, Connecticut: EastBridge 2007.
• Grapard, Allan Georges 1994

  „Rites de voyage: Redressing Hachiman's appearance.“ In: Francois Macé, e.a. (Hg.), Mélanges offerts à René Sieffert. Paris: Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales 1994, S. 335–352. (Sonderband der Zeitschrift Cipango, Festschrift. Kritische Auseinandersetzung mit Literatur:Kanda 1985.)

• Grapard, Allan G. 2003

  „The source of oracular speech: Absence? Presence? Or plain treachery? The case of Hachiman Usa-gūgotakusenshū.“ In: Rambelli Teeuwen (Hg.), Buddhas and kami in Japan: Honji Suijaku as a combinatory. London: Routledge 2003, S. 77-94.
• Green, Ronald Steve 2003

  Kūkai - founder of Japanese Shingon Buddhism : portraits of his life. Ann Arbor, Michigan: UMI Diss. Services 2003.

Hall, John W. u.a. (Hg.) (1990). The Cambridge History of Japan. Volume 3. Medieval Japan. New York: Cambridge University Press.

• Hazard, Benjamin H. 1967

  „The formative years of the wakō, 1223-63.“ Monumenta Nipponica 22/3-4 (1967), S. 260-277. (Exzerpt.)


Igawa, Kenji
 (2010). „At the crossroads: Limahon and wako in sixteenth century Philippines.“ In: Robert J. Antony (Hg.), Elusive Pirates, Pervasive Smugglers. Violence and Clandestine Trade in the Greater China Seas. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, S. 73 – 84.


Jie, Tong
 (2011). „New research on the cause of the prevalence of great wako raids of Chia-Ching Era.“ Chinese Social History Review.

• Kanda, Christine Guth 1985

  Shinzō: Hachiman imagery and its development. Cambridge, Massachussets u.a.: Harvard University Press 1985. (Exzerpt.)


Kang, David C.
 (2007). „Stability and hierarchy in East Asian international relations, 1300–1900 CE.“ In: S. Kaufman u.a. (Hg.), Balance of power in world history. London: Palgrave Macmillan, S. 199 - 227.


Kang, David C.
 (2008). War and peace in early modern East Asia: Hierarchy and legitimacy in international systems. Working Paper.


Kang, Etsuko Hae-Jin
 (1997). Diplomacy and ideology in Japanese-Korean relations. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

• Katō, Hidetoshi 1981

  „The significance of the period of national seclusion reconsidered.“ Journal of Japanese Studies 7/1 (1981), S. 85-109. (Exzerpt.)

• Kawazoe, Shōji 1990

  „Japan and East Asia.“ In: Kozo Yamamura (Hg.), The Cambridge History of Japan, Vol. 3. Cambridge, et al.: Cambridge University Press 1990, S. 396-446. (Exzerpt Ü.: G. Cameron Hurst III.)


Kondo, Osamu
 (1985). „Japan and the Indian Ocean at the time of the Mughal Empire, with special reference to Gujarat.“ 追手門学院大学文学部紀要 19, S. 53 – 65.

• Kuroda, Toshio 1996

  „The discourse on the ,Land of kami‘ (Shinkoku) in medieval Japan: National consciousness and international awareness.“ Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 23/3-4 (1996), S. 353-385. (Exzerpt.)


Laver, Michael S.
 (2008). Japan’s economy by proxy in the seventeenth Century. New York: Cambria Press.

• Law, Jane Marie 1994

  „Violence, ritual reenactment, and ideology: The ,Hōjō-e‘ of the Usa Hachiman Shrine in Japan.“ History of Religions 33/4 (1994), S. 325-357. (Exzerpt.)

Lewin, Bruno (Hg.) (1995). Kleines Lexikon der Japanologie. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.


Maloni, Ruby
 (1992). Piracy in Indian waters in the seventeenth century. Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Indian History Congress: New Delhi.

• Marder, Arthur J. 1945

  „From Jimmu Tennō to Perry: Sea power in early Japanese history.“ The American Historical Review 51/1 (1945), S. 1-34. (s.a. Exzerpt.)


Miyamoto, Kazuo
 (1975) Vikings of the Far East. New York: Vantage Press.

• Miyazaki, Fumiko 1992

  „Religious life of the Kamakura Bushi: Kumagai Naozane and his descendants.“ Monumenta Nipponica 47/4 (1992), S. 435-467.

Na, Jongwoo (2009). „Were the wako pirate groups controlled by Japanese tribal clans?“ In: The foreseen and the unforeseen in historical relations between Korea and Japan. Seoul: Northeast Asian History Foundation, S. 94–101.

Rambelli, Fabio (1996). „Religion, ideology of domination, and nationalism: Kuroda Toshio on the discourse of shinkoku“ Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 23/3-4, S. 387–426.

• Scheid, Bernhard 2014

  „Shōmu Tennō and the Deity from Kyushu: Hachiman’s Initial Rise to Prominence.“ Japan Review 27 (2014) (2014), S. 31–51.
• Scheid, Bernhard 2014

  „Wer schützt wen? Hachimanismus, Buddhismus und Tennōismus im Altertum.“ Asiatische Studien 68/1 (2014) (2014), S. 263–284.

Schley, Daniel (2014). Herrschersakralität im mittelalterlichen Japan: eine Untersuchung der politisch-religiösen Vorstellungswelt des 13.-14. Jahrhunderts. Münster: LIT Verlag.

• Seoh, M. S. 1969

  „A brief documentary survey of Japanese pirate activities in Korea in the 13th—15th centuries.“ Journal of Korean Studies 1/1 (1969), S. 23 – 39.


Shapinsky, Peter
 (2007). „With the sea as their domain. Pirates and maritime lordship in medieval Japan.“ In: Jerry Bentley u.a. (Hg.), Seascapes. Maritime histories, littoral cultures, and transoceanic exchanges. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i, S. 221 – 238.

• Shapinsky, Peter D. 2009

  „Predators, protectors, and purveyors: pirates and commerce in Late Medieval Japan.“ Monumenta Nipponica 64/2 (2009), S. 273–313. (Exzerpt.)

• Shapinsky, Peter D. 2014

  Lords of the sea: Pirates, violence, and commerce in late medieval Japan. Ann Arbor, Michigan: The Univ. of Michigan 2014. (S.a. Exzerpt.)


Shuho, Zuikei und Charlotte von Verschuer
 (2002). „Japan’s foreign relations 1200 to 1392 AD: A translation from “Zenrin Kokuhōki.”“ Monumenta Nipponica 57/4: S. 413 – 445.


Souyri, Pierre Francois
 (2001). The world turned upside down: Medieval Japanese society. New York: Columbia University Press.


Tremml, Birgit
 (2012). „Waren sie nicht alle Piraten? Mit den wakō durch die Chinesischen Meere, ca. 1400–1660.“ In: Andreas Obenaus u.a. (Hg.), Schrecken der Händler und Herrscher. Piratengemeinschaften in der Geschichte. Wien: Mandelbaum, 144–167.


Turnbull, Stephen
 (2003). Fighting ships of the Far East (2): Japan and Korea AD 612-1639. Oxford: Osprey Publishing.

Turnbull, Stephen (2007). Pirate of the Far East: 811-1639. New York: Osprey.

Twitchett, Denis und John K. Fairbank (1994). The Cambridge History of China. Volume 6. Alien regimes and border states, 907-1368. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Twitchett, Denis und John K. Fairbank (1998a). The Cambridge History of China. Volume 7. The Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644, Part 1. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Twitchett, Denis und John K. Fairbank (1998b). The Cambridge History of China. Volume 8. The Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644, Part 2. New York: Cambridge University Press.

• Verschuer, Charlotte von 2006

  Across the perilous sea : Japanese trade with China and Korea from the seventh to the sixteenth centuries. Ithaca, New York: Cornell Univ. 2006.
• Watabe, Kojun 1975

  „The Wako-dojin of the Tendai School.“ Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies (Indogaku Bukkyogaku Kenkyu) 24/1 (1975), S. 300-303.

Mongolenangriffe und Hachiman gudōkun

• Bockhold, Wolfgang (Ü.) 1982

  Das Hachiman gudōkun als historische Quelle, insbesondere zu den Invasionen der Mongolen in Japan. Augsburg: Sofortdruck-Center Blasaditsch 1982. (Dissertation Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München; s.a. Rezension Bockhold 1982.)
• Fröhlich, Judith 2012

  „Die Mongoleneinfälle in Japan mit einer Übersetzung von Seno Seiichirō: Geschichten zu den "göttlichen Winden".“ Asiatische Studien / Études Asiatiques 66/1 (2012), S. 57-78. (Exzerpt.)

Scheid, Bernhard (2001–2016). „Götterwinde: Religion und Krieg zur Zeit der mongolischen Eroberungen.“ Religion in Japan (http://www.univie.ac.at/rel_jap/an, 11.03.2016).

Japanische Literatur


Akaba, Masaharu 赤羽 正春
 (2011). „Nihonkai de kōsakusuru minami to kita no dentō sōsen gijutsu“ 日本海で交錯する南と北の伝統造船技術. Kanagawa Daigaku kokusai jōmin bunka kenkyū kikō nenbō 2: S. 73 – 93.

• Arano, Yasunori 2010

  Wakô to "nihon kokuô". Tōkyō: Yoshikawa Kōbunkan 2010.

Arimizu, Hiroshi 
有水 博
 (1993). „Teppō denrai isetsu ni tsuite“ 鉄砲伝来異説について. Ōsaka gaikokugo daigaku ronshū 9: S. 257 – 264.

Fujisawa, Nozomu und Sanae Yamaguchi 
藤沢 望とさまえ山口
 (2010). „Nagasaki・Gotō no saundosukeepu“ 長崎・五島のサウンドスケープ. Nagasaki Kenritsu Daigaku kokusai jōhōgakubu kenkyū kiyō 11: S. 31 – 36.

Hideki, Tamai 玉井 秀樹
 (2004). „Okinawa kara mita Hokutōajia kyōdōtai no kanōsei to igi“ 沖縄から見た北東アジア共同体の可能性と意義. Sōdai heiwa kenkyū: S. 7 – 19.

Inamura, Kenpu und 
賢敷 稲村と村賢敷 著稲
 (1957). Ryūkyūshotō ni okeru wakō shiseki no kenkyū 琉球諸島における倭寇史跡の研究. Tōkyō: Yōshikawa.

• Ishihara, Michihiro 1964

  Wakô. Tôkyô: Yoshikawa Kōbunkan 1964.
• Kawasaki, Tsuneyuki 1975

  Kûkai. Tôkyô: Iwanami Shoten 1975.


Kawashima
, Ikuo 川島 郁夫 (2012). „Chūgokurekishi koten gekishōkō -“ 中国歴史古典劇小考―越劇 「趙文華献妻」 をめぐって―. Tōkyō Gaikokugo Daigaku ronshū 84: S. 101–125.

• Nakano, Hayatoshi 1976

  Hachiman shinkōshi no kenkyū. Tōkyō: Yoshikawa Kōbunkan 1976.
• Nakano, Hatayoshi 1983

  Hachiman shinkō. Tôkyô: Yūzankaku Shuppan 1983.
• Nakano, Hayatoshi 1998

  Hachiman shinkō to shugendō. Tokyo: Yoshikawa Kōbunkan 1998.
• Nakano, Hayatoshi (Hg.) 2002

  Hachiman shinkō jiten. Tokyo: Ebisu Kōshō 2002. (S.a. Sieben Stichworte zum Hachiman Glauben.)

Nebashi, Shōichi 根橋 正一
 (2001). „Taiwan ni okeru toshikeisei no katei to tokuchō“ 台湾における都市形成の過程と特徴. Ryūtsū Keizai Daigaku shakaigakubu ronsō 11/2: S. 51 – 76.

• Okamoto, Kenji 1959

  Jingū Kōgō. Tōkyō: Yoshikawa Kōbunkan 1959. (Exzerpt.)


Ōta, Kōki 太田 弘毅
 (2004). Wakō: Nihon afure katsudōshi 倭寇: 日本あふれ活動史. Tōkyō: Bungeisha.

Satō, Shinichi 
佐藤 進一
 (2005). Nihon no rekishi (9) Nanbokuchō no dōran 日本の歴史〈9〉南北朝の動乱. Tōkō: Chūōkōron.

• Tamura, Kōyū 1988

  Saichô. Tōkyō: Yoshikawa Kōbunkan 1988.

Tanaka, Takeo 
田中 健夫
 (2012). Wakō: umi no rekishi 倭寇: 海の歴史. Tōkyō: Kodansha.

Takahashi, Kimiaki 
高橋 公明
 (1987). „Chūsei Ajia kaiiki ni okeru umitami to koryū - Saishūtō wo chūshin toshite -“ 中世東アジア海域における海民と交流―済州島を中心として―. Nagoya Daigaku bungakubu kenkyū shūshigaku 33.


秦野 裕介
 (2002). „"Wakō" to kaiyō shikan - "wakō" ha "Nihonjin" datta no ka -“ 「倭寇」と海洋史観 -「倭寇」は「日本人」だったのか-. Ritsumeikan Daigaku jinbunkagaku kenkyūsho kiyō 81: S. 77 – 102.

• Umehara, Takeshi 2005

  Saichô to Kûkai: Nihonjin no kokoro no furusato. Tôkyô: Shôgakkan 2005.

• Yoshinari, Naoki, Hiromi Fuku 2006

  Ryūkyū Ōkoku to wakō: omoro no kataru rekishi. Tôkyô: Shinwasha 2006.